1887

JMM Case Reports

Volume 4, Issue 5

serotype 9 endocarditis and subsequent severe meningitis in a growing pig despite specific bactericidal humoral immunity Open Access

Abstract

Meningitis and endocarditis are common pathologies of infections in pigs and humans. serotype 9 strains contribute substantially to health problems in European pig production, and immune prophylaxis against this serotype is very difficult.

We report the clinical course and histopathological picture of a 10-week-old growing pig following experimental intravenous infection with serotype 9. The piglet showed rapid onset of severe clinical signs of meningitis 11 days post-intravenous challenge following prime-booster vaccination. Histopathological findings revealed a diffuse fibrinosuppurative leptomeningitis. Additionally, a polyphasic with numerous bacterial colonies was diagnosed. Bacteriological culture of the brain and the mitral valve confirmed association with the challenge strain. However, virulent serotype 2 and 9 strains were killed in the blood of this piglet prior experimental infection.

Endocarditis induced by infection might develop and persist despite the presence of high specific bactericidal activity in the blood. Severe leptomeningitis is a putative sequela of such an endocarditis.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): biofilm , endocarditis , meningitis and Streptococcus suis
© 2017 The Authors
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005093
2017-05-03
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmmcr/4/5/jmmcr005093.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005093&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Gottschalk M. Streptococcosis. In Zimmermann JJ, Karriker LA, Ramirez A, Schwartz KJ SG. (editors) Diseases of Swine, 10th ed. 2012 pp. 841–851
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Wisselink HJ, Smith HE, Stockhofe-Zurwieden N, Peperkamp K, Vecht U. Distribution of capsular types and production of muramidase-released protein (MRP) and extracellular factor (EF) of Streptococcus suis strains isolated from diseased pigs in seven European countries. Vet Microbiol 2000; 74:237–248 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Silva LM, Baums CG, Rehm T, Wisselink HJ, Goethe R et al. Virulence-associated gene profiling of Streptococcus suis isolates by PCR. Vet Microbiol 2006; 115:117–127 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Vela AI, Goyache J, Tarradas C, Luque I, Mateos A et al. Analysis of genetic diversity of Streptococcus suis clinical isolates from pigs in Spain by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41:2498–2502 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Callejo R, Zheng H, du P, Prieto M, Xu J et al. Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains isolated in Argentina (South America) are different from those recovered in North America and present a higher risk for humans. J Med Microbiol Case Reports 2016; 3:1–7
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Fittipaldi N, Segura M, Grenier D, Gottschalk M. Virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of the infection caused by the swine pathogen and zoonotic agent Streptococcus suis . Future Microbiol 2012; 7:259–279 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Goyette-Desjardins G, Auger JP, Xu J, Segura M, Gottschalk M. Streptococcus suis, an important pig pathogen and emerging zoonotic agent-an update on the worldwide distribution based on serotyping and sequence typing. Emerg Microbes Infect 2014; 3:e45 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Nghia HD, Hoa NT, Linh LD, Campbell J, Diep TS et al. Human case of Streptococcus suis serotype 16 infection. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14:155–157 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Hatrongjit R, Kerdsin A, Gottschalk M, Takeuchi D, Hamada S et al. First human case report of sepsis due to infection with Streptococcus suis serotype 31 in Thailand. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:392 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Kerdsin A, Hatrongjit R, Gottschalk M, Takeuchi D, Hamada S et al. Emergence of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 infection in humans. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2015 doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2015.06.011 [Epub ahead of print] [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Büttner N, Beineke A, de Buhr N, Lilienthal S, Merkel J et al. Streptococcus suis serotype 9 bacterin immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 146:191–200 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Baums CG, Kock C, Beineke A, Bennecke K, Goethe R et al. Streptococcus suis bacterin and subunit vaccine immunogenicities and protective efficacies against serotypes 2 and 9. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2009; 16:200–208 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Seele J, Hillermann LM, Beineke A, Seitz M, von Pawel-Rammingen U et al. The immunoglobulin M-degrading enzyme of Streptococcus suis, IdeSsuis, is a highly protective antigen against serotype 2. Vaccine 2015; 33:2207–2212 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Mallmann C, Siemoneit S, Schmiedel D, Petrich A, Gescher DM et al. Fluorescence in situ hybridization to improve the diagnosis of endocarditis: a pilot study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2010; 16:767–773 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Karstrup CC, Jensen HE, Aalbæk B, Leifsson PS, Boye M et al. Endocarditis-associated brain lesions in slaughter pigs. J Comp Pathol 2011; 144:289–295 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Jensen HE, Gyllensten J, Hofman C, Leifsson PS, Agerholm JS et al. Histologic and bacteriologic findings in valvular endocarditis of slaughter-age pigs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2010; 22:921–927 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Lakkitjaroen N, Takamatsu D, Okura M, Sato M, Osaki M et al. Loss of capsule among Streptococcus suis isolates from porcine endocarditis and its biological significance. J Med Microbiol 2011; 60:1669–1676 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Pachirat O, Taksinachanekit S, Mootsikapun P, Kerdsin A. Human Streptococcus suis endocarditis: echocardiographic features and clinical outcome. Clin Med Insights Cardiol 2012; 6:119–123 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Fongcom A, Pruksakorn S, Netsirisawan P, Pongprasert R, Onsibud P. Streptococcus suis infection: a prospective study in northern Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2009; 40:511–517[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Heidt MC, Mohamed W, Hain T, Vogt PR, Chakraborty T et al. Human infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus suis serotype 2. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:4898–4901 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Delong EF, Wickham GS, Pace NR. Phylogenetic stains: ribosomal RNA-based probes for the identification of single cells. Science 1989; 243:1360–1363 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Poulsen LK, Ballard G, Stahl DA. Use of rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization for measuring the activity of single cells in young and established biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993; 59:1354–1360[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Dawei G, Liping W, Chengping L. In vitro biofilm forming potential of Streptococcus suis isolated from human and swine in China. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:993–1004 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Bonifait L, Grignon L, Grenier D. Fibrinogen induces biofilm formation by Streptococcus suis and enhances its antibiotic resistance. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:4969–4972 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Pian Y, Wang P, Liu P, Zheng Y, Zhu L et al. Proteomics identification of novel fibrinogen-binding proteins of Streptococcus suis contributing to antiphagocytosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2015; 5:19 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Wertheim HF, Nguyen HN, Taylor W, Lien TT, Ngo HT et al. Streptococcus suis, an important cause of adult bacterial meningitis in northern vietnam. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5973 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005093
Loading
Streptococcus suis serotype 9 endocarditis and subsequent severe meningitis in a growing pig despite specific bactericidal humoral immunity
JMM Case Rep 4, e005093 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005093
/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005093
/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005093
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error